At the height of its power, the Hanseatic League dominated the trading area to such an extent that it was even able to finance wars and enforce embargos - with sometimes fatal consequences. However, with the increasing power of nation states, greater competition from other merchants and the development of trade across the Atlantic, the Hanseatic League increasingly lost influence from the 16th century onwards. The guests in this episode are Justyna Wubs-Mrozewicz from the University of Amsterdam, Georg Christ from the University of Manchester and Sheilagh Ogilvie from the University of Oxford. A reading list of English-language literature on Hanseatic history can be found below the episode.